2020届高三英语复习资料：近五年高考语法真题专练7

近五年高考语法真题专练：定语从句

2018年高考题

【2018·北京】5. She and her family bicycle to work, _________ helps them keep fit.

A. which ???B. who ???C. as ???D. that

【答案】A

【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：她和家人骑自行车去上班，这有助于她们保持健康。“____ helps them keep fit”是非限制性定语从句，该从句修饰整个主句，引导词在从句中做主语，故该从句应用关系代词which引导。A选项正确。

【2018·天津】2. Kae, _________sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia.

A. whom? B. that??C. whose? D. her

【答案】C

【2018·江苏】23. Self-driving?is?an?area?_______ China?and?the?rest?of?the?world?are?on?

the?same?starting line.

A. that? ?B. where? ?C. which? ?D. when

【答案】B

【解析】考查定语从句。句意：自动驾驶是一个中国和世界其它国家都在同一起跑线的领域。句中先行词为area，在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where，相当于in which。故选B。

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2017年高考题

【2017·北京卷】31. The little problems ______ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.

A. that? ? B. as? ? ?C. where? ? D. when ?

【答案】A

【2017·江苏】28. In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of _______ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.

A. which ???B. it’s ???C. whose ???D. whom

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析：考查定语从句。先行词是“the World Food Programme”，“世界粮食项目”的目的之一是……，whose在定语从句中作定语，这里限定purposes，故选C。句意：1963年联合国建立了世界粮食计划署，其目的之一就是为了缓解世界范围内的饥饿问题。

【2017·天津】9. My eldest son, _______ work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment.

A. that ??B. whose ??C. his ???D. who

【答案】B

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2016年高考题

【2016·北京】22. I live next door to a couple?________?children often make a lot of noise.

A. whose ?B. why ?C. where ?D. which

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析：题目考查定语从句的关系词。a couple是先行词，这对夫妻的孩子很吵，children和couple是所属关系，故用whose作定语，whose children相当于the children of whom，故选A。

【2016·江苏】23.Many young people, most ______were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.

A.?of which?B.?of them?C.?of whom?D.?of those

【答案】C

【2016·浙江】11. Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears , none of ______ has been proved.

A. whom? ?B. which? ?C. what? ?D. that

【答案】B

【2016·天津】9. We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, ____ the weather may be better.

A. that? ?B. where? ?C. which? ?D. when

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析：?句意：我们将把公园的野餐推迟到下个星期，那时天气可能会更好。使用定语从句，先行词是next week，定语从句中不缺少主宾表，缺少时间状语。故选D。

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2015年高考题

【2015·北京】24.Opposite is St.Paul's Church,___you can hear some lovely music.

A. which??????? B.that???????????? C.when?????????? D.where

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析：句意：对面是圣保罗教堂，在教堂里你能听到一些优美的音乐。这是一个定语从句。先行词是St. Paul’s Church，从句主谓宾成分完整，去掉空后依然是完整的句子，可推断出引导词在从句中作的是地点状语。用where。故选D。

【2015·重庆】14. He wrote many children’ s books, nearly half of____ were published in the 1990s.

A. whom???B. which ???C. them ???D. that

【答案】B ???????????????

【解析】??????????????

试题分析：句意：他写了许多儿童书籍，几乎一半在1990年左右出版。先行词是books，定语从句中of缺少宾语，故选B项。

【2015·浙江】19. Creating an atmosphere???????employees feel part of a team is a big challenge.

A. as ??B.?whose ?C. in which??D. at which

【答案】C

【2015·天津】15 The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere ______ his employees enjoy their work.

A. where???B. which?? ?C. when?? ?D. who

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析：句意：公司老板正尽力创造一种轻松的气氛，在这种气氛中，其员工喜欢他们的工作。句中先行词为atmosphere，在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where。根据句意可知选A。

【2015·陕西】15. As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing for the time??????he should be able to be independent.

A. which ???B. where ???C. whom ??D. when

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析：句意：作为家里最小的孩子，Alex总是渴望他能够有独立的时间。这里使用定语从句，先行词是the time，定语从句中缺少时间状语，用关系副词when，所以选D。

【2015·江苏】21.The number of smokers, _____ is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.

A. it? ? B. which? ?C. what? ?D. as

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析：句意：据报道，吸烟者人数仅（过去）一年就减少了17%。as引导的非限制性定语从句位置灵活，可以置于主句的句首、句中或句末，指代的是整个一句话。故选D项。考生容易误选B项which，把逗号前面的the number of smokers看成先行词，后面非限制性定语从句用which引导。殊不知，这里关系代词指代的是“The number of smokers has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.”整个一句话。另外，as和which在定语从句都可以指代一句话，但前者有“正如……”的意思，后者则没有。还可以抓住as is reported这一常用结构，类似的还有as is known/expected/planned/mentioned/said等。

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2014年高考题

【2014·重庆卷】9. We’ll reach the sales targets in a month _______ we set at the beginning of the year.

??A. which ??????B. where ??????C. when ??????D. what

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析：题意：再有一个月就能完成年初制订的销售目标。which指代targets, 在从句中充当set的宾语，排除B、C两项；D项只能引导名词性从句，而本题是一个定语从句，故选择A项。

【2014·北京卷】26. I borrow the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week, ______ my classmates recommended to me.

A.who?? ?B. which? ??C. when ???D. Where

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析：本题考查定语从句，考查方式为选择连接词。根据题干信息，定语从句的先行词为book,定语从句中缺乏宾语（我朋友推荐给我“书”），加之逗号后为非限制性定语从句，所以本题选B。句意：上周我从图书馆借了《福尔摩斯》，这是我的同学推荐给我的。

【2014·山东卷】10. A company ______profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad.

A. which ????B. whose ????C. who ????D. why

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析：这是一个定语从句，a company 是先行词，profit和 a company是所属关系，所以要用关系代词whose。句意为：在国内市场利润减少的公司可能会寻求国外发展的机会。故答案选B。

【2014·四川卷】4.?I now, we have raised 50.000 pounds for the poor children, ______ is quite unexpected.

A. that? ?B. which? ?C. who? ?D. it

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析:前后两个句子中间没有连词，是逗号，故判断为非限制性定语从句，that和it不引导非限制性定语从句，排除AD选项。who用来指代人， which用来指代物或者句子，而在本句中关系代词指代前面句子内容，故答案选B。句意：直到现在，我们已经为穷苦儿童筹集了50,000英镑，这真的出乎意料。

【2014·江苏卷】22. The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication, especially at work ________ a good?impression is a must.

A. which??B. when???C. as???D. where

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【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析：考查定语从句用法。句中的先行词为work，在从句a good impression is must中作地点状语，故用关系副词where。句意：这本书对我的日常交际有极大的帮助，尤其在工作中，良好的印象是必须的。故D正确。

【2014·安徽卷】22．The exact year????????Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008.

A. When ??B. where ??C. why? ?D. which

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析：句意：--Angela和家人一起在中国度过的那年是2008年。这句话使用了定语从句，先行词是the exact year，定语从句中的动词spent是及物动词，后面缺少宾语，所以用关系代词that或which引导定语从句，而不能用关系副词。所以选D。

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【2014·浙江卷】5.?I don’t become a serious climber until the fifth grade, ______ I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree.

A. when? ?B. where???C. which???D. why

【答案】A

【试题分析】这里先行词是the fifth grade,指的是时间；后面是when引导的定语从句。句意：我没有成为一个认真的攀登者，直到我上五年级的时候，那时我爬上去拿一个被挂在树上的风筝。故选A。